Combine beans, broth, enchilada sauce, green chilies, onion, black olives, jalapeno, garlic, and taco seasoning in a large pot. Bring to a boil over medium-high heat, reduce heat to low, and simmer for 30 minutes.
Stir in frozen corn and cook until corn is warmed through, 5 more minutes. Add cream cheese and cook, stirring, until cream cheese is incorporated and soup is thickened, about 15 minutes.