Preheat the oven to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C).
Bring a large pot of lightly salted water to a boil and cook cauliflower until tender but firm to the bite, about 10 minutes. Drain, then arrange cauliflower in a small casserole dish.
Combine Cheddar cheese, cream, salt, and pepper in a bowl. Cover cauliflower with cheese mixture.
Bake in the preheated oven until cheese is bubbly and golden brown, about 25 minutes.